by Marc Talló-Parra, Mireia Puig-Torrents, Gemma Pérez-Vilaró, Sol Ribó Pons, Juana Díez Arboviruses induce acute lytic infection in human cells but establish persistent infection in their mosquito vectors, a viral strategy that is essential for sustained viral transmission. How mosquito cells maintain continuous production of viral progeny without compromising host cell viability remains a fundamental unresolved question. Because arbovirus replication in human cells relies on viral takeover of the host translational machinery, we investigated how translation is regulated during persistent infection in mosquito cells using chikungunya virus (CHIKV) as a model. A temporal analysis of viral RNA translation in RNAi-competent and RNAi-deficient Aedes albopictus cells revealed that persistence was associated with reduced viral protein production resulting from translation repression of viral RNAs. Subcellular localization analyses of the viral protein nsP2 and LC-MS/MS analyses of host tRNA